Deep Sea Floor Vents

They also realized that an entirely unique ecosystem including hundreds of new species existed around the vents.

Deep sea floor vents. As shown to the right they have a rich community of species. This graphic shows several ocean floor features on a scale from 0 35 000 feet below sea level. Vents also occur on submarine volcanoes. Mysterious deep sea hydrothermal vents where fissures in the sea floor allow the magma in the earth s mantle to heat trapped water to high temperatures before it is pumped back into the ocean.

Deep sea vents are openings in the sea floor where hot water and nutrients spew out. Seawater in hydrothermal vents may reach temperatures of over 700 fahrenheit. Deep sea hydrothermal vents form as a result of volcanic activity on the ocean floor. This water which can reach temperatures of 400 c eventually rises back through the.

The water that issues from seafloor hydrothermal vents consists mostly of sea water drawn into the hydrothermal system close to the volcanic edifice through faults and. Hot seawater in hydrothermal vents does not boil because of the extreme pressure at the depths where the vents are formed. The cold seawater is heated by hot magma and reemerges to form the vents. They wondered how deep ocean temperatures could change so drastically from near freezing to 400 c 750 f in such a short distance.

Some features like canyons and seamounts might look familiar while others such as hydrothermal vents and methane seeps are unique to the deep. However individual vents often become plugged up while new vents can appear in far flung parts of the ocean. Sea water seeps down into the cracks and fissures created by the spreading of the sea floor sometimes as much as two or three miles into the earth s crust. Deep sea vent hydrothermal hot water vent formed on the ocean floor when seawater circulates through hot volcanic rocks often located where new oceanic crust is being formed.

Water seeps through cracks in the earth s crust dissolving metals and minerals as it becomes super heated from nearby magma. As the water comes into contact with the veins and channels of superheated molten magma the sea water is superheated. A hydrothermal vent is a lot like an underwater geyser.